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英国马克思主义思想家雷蒙德·威廉斯既是文化理论家,又是杰出的现实主义小说家。他的小说《为马诺德而战》细致而生动地描述了威尔士乡村在英国工业化进程中所经历的种种变化。不同于理论作品中对精英主义者缅怀昔日乡村“有机共同体”做法的批评,威廉斯在《为马诺德而战》中时常流露出淡淡的怀旧之情。小说对乡村可知共同体消失、乡村人口流动和生态危机等问题的描述,不但体现了威廉斯对昔日乡村生活的眷恋和对乡村未来发展的忧思,而且也诠释了威廉斯文化理论的重要内容。
Raymond Williams, a British Marxist thinkers, is both a cultural theorist and an outstanding realistic novelist. His novel “Fighting for Manord” provides a detailed and vivid account of the changes that Welsh villages have experienced in the industrialization of Britain. Rather than criticizing the elitists’ memory of past rural “organic communities” in their theoretical work, Williams often reveals a touch of nostalgia in “Fighting for Manord.” The novel’s description of disappearance of communities, rural migration and ecological crisis in rural areas not only reflects Williams’s attachment to the past rural life and the worries about the future development of the village, but also explains the important contents of Williams’s cultural theory.