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清代(1644—1911年)杭州二百七十余年间的火灾威胁同明代相比较,除康熙年间(1662—1722年)多火患外,火害的总趋势是日益缓和,火灾次数日益减少,尤其是晚清(即近代),在继承古代传统消防方法与经验的同时,又开始引进西方、日本的消防技术与组织方式,中外消防技术的交流融合推动了杭州消防的进一步发展。这是值得总结的历史经验。 由于明代后期杭州防火措施的落实与健全,臣民防火工作的重视与努力,使明末清初的四十多年出现了火灾少见的安定局面,这是明代后期杭州人民努力的结晶。 但是好景不长。明末清初是我国改朝换代的社会交替阶段,由于政局不稳,民不聊生,原有的良好防火设施
During the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911), the fire threat in Hangzhou during the more than 270 years was compared with that of the Ming Dynasty. Except for the more fire in the Kangxi period (1662-1722), the general trend of fire damage was increasingly eased, and the number of fires was increasingly increasing Especially the late Qing dynasty (ie modern times). While inheriting the ancient methods and experiences of fire fighting, they started to introduce fire-fighting technologies and organizations in the West and Japan. The exchange and integration of Chinese and foreign fire-fighting technologies promoted the further development of the fire-fighting system in Hangzhou. This is a historical experience worth summarizing. Due to the implementation and perfection of Hangzhou fire prevention measures in the late Ming Dynasty, the attention and efforts of civilians in fire prevention work made the uncomfortable situation of fire disaster appear in the forty years from the late Ming Dynasty to the early Qing Dynasty, which is the crystallization of Hangzhou people’s efforts in the latter part of Ming Dynasty. But the good news is not long. The late Ming and early Qing dynasties were the stage of social alternation during the change of dynasties in our country. Because of the unstable political situation and the unhealthy life, the original good fire prevention facilities