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1894年9月,英国物理学家威尔逊在苏格兰群山的最高峰尼维斯峰气象观测站度过了几个星期,他对山顶上变幻无穷的云雾产生了浓厚的兴趣,他突发奇想,要在实验室里制造云雾。 1895年初,威尔逊在剑桥大学卡文迪许实验室进行了一些研究,他发现要产生云雾必须具备两个基本条件:一个条件是空气中水蒸气必须处于一种过饱和状态,否则,水蒸气就不会凝结成小水珠;另一个条件是空气中要有一些“凝结核心”。通常,空气中的尘埃起着“凝结核心”的作用,这些微小颗粒上经常聚集着一些电荷,这些电荷会将过饱和的水蒸气凝结成小水珠,无数很小的
In September 1894, British physicist Wilson spent weeks observing the Nevis Peak Observatory, the highest mountain in the Scottish mountains. He became very interested in the ever-changing cloud on the top of the mountain. Make clouds in the lab. In early 1895, Wilson conducted a number of studies at the Cavendish Laboratory in Cambridge University. He found that two basic conditions must be met to create a cloud: one is that the water vapor in the air must be in a supersaturated state; otherwise, the water vapor Will not condense into small drops of water; another condition is that there must be some “condensation core” in the air. Often, the dust in the air plays the role of “condensation core ”, these tiny particles often accumulate some charge, these charges will be saturated water vapor condensation into small drops of water, numerous small