论文部分内容阅读
为了解南京、镇江地区草莓灰霉病菌对6种常用杀菌剂的抗药性水平,采用区分剂量法测定了290株草莓灰霉病菌对多菌灵、腐霉利、乙霉威、嘧霉胺、醚菌酯和咯菌腈的抗性,并对多重抗药性菌株的生物学性状进行了初步分析。结果表明:2012年采集的南京和镇江地区草莓灰霉病菌未见对咯菌腈产生抗药性,而对其余5种供试杀菌剂的多重抗药性频率达97.24%;供试菌株中五抗菌株已成为两地区田间灰霉病菌的优势亚群体;供试菌株中多重抗药性表型共有54种,作为优势亚群体的Car~(HR)Prc~(HR)Die~(LR)Pyr~(HR)Kre~(HR)表型占40.69%,并可稳定遗传;南京地区草莓灰霉病菌对咯菌腈的抗性频率从2012年的0持续增至2014年的3.76%,而对其余5种供试杀菌剂的抗性频率在3年间均超过78%;所测菌株在菌落直径、产孢量和病斑直径方面差异显著但无明显规律。由此可见,多菌灵、腐霉利、乙霉威、嘧霉胺、醚菌酯在本研究区已丧失对灰霉病的防治效果,寻找替代药剂已刻不容缓。
In order to understand the resistance level of Botrytis cinerea to six commonly used fungicides in Nanjing and Zhenjiang, 290 strains of Botrytis cinerea against carbendazim, Kresoxim-methyl and fludioxonil, and the biological characteristics of multi-resistant strains were analyzed. The results showed that there was no resistance to the fludioxonil in Botrytis cinerea collected from Nanjing and Zhenjiang in 2012, while the frequency of multiple drug resistance to the other five tested fungicides was 97.24% The results showed that there were 54 multi-resistant phenotypes in the tested strains, which were the dominant sub-populations of Carr (HR) Prc HR Die LR Pyr HR ). The phenotype of Kre ~ (HR) accounted for 40.69%, and could be inherited stably. The frequency of resistance to flucytocin in Botrytis cinerea increased from 0 in 2012 to 3.76% in 2014, while the remaining 5 The frequency of resistance of the tested fungicides was more than 78% in 3 years. The strains tested showed significant but no obvious rules in terms of colony diameter, sporulation amount and lesion diameter. Thus, carbendazim, pyrethrum, dimethoprim, pyrimethanil and kresoxim-methyl have lost the control effect on gray mold disease in this study area. It is urgent to find alternative medicine.