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对两个籼粳交组合的Ｆ_１、Ｆ_２、Ｂ_１Ｆ_１，及亲本进行花药培养力和后代遗传变异的研究，结果表明：（１）籼粳交花药培养力与亲本呈正相关，单交、回交及各世代培养力顺序为：Ｂ_１Ｆ_１＞Ｆ_２＞Ｆ_１；（２）籼粳交花培产生的二倍体花粉植株约８６％是纯合的；花培后代不仅具有与相应常规后代同样丰富的遗传类型，而且使某些隐性基因在早代得以充分表达；（３）统计分析了花培与常规后代各主要性状的差异，其中Ｂ_１Ｆ_１Ｈ_２较Ｂ_１Ｆ_２、Ｆ_２Ｈ_２较Ｆ_３结实率均显著提高，且同一组合的Ｂ_１Ｆ_１Ｈ_２较Ｆ_２Ｈ_２结实率高。总之，花药培养为籼粳交育种提供了快速有效的途径。初步明确利用籼粳交选育粳稻新品种时，应以粳稻作轮回亲本，从Ｂ_１Ｆ_１或Ｂ_２Ｆ_１中选株进行花培效果较佳。
The results showed that: (1) The culture ability of anther and japonica cross was positively correlated with the parents, single cross and backcross, and the reciprocal cross was the highest The order of culture power of each generation was: B_1F_1> F_2> F_1; (2) About 86% of the diploid pollen plants produced by the indica / japonica hybrids were homozygous; the flower progeny not only had the same abundant genetic type as the corresponding conventional progeny , And some recessive genes were fully expressed in the early generation. (3) Statistical analysis was made on the differences of major traits between flowering and conventional offspring. The seed setting rate of B_1F_2H_2 was higher than that of B_1F_2 and F_2H_2, B_1F_1H_2 had higher seed setting rate than F_2H_2. In conclusion, anther culture provides a fast and effective way for the breeding of indica, japonica and rice. When using the indica, japonica and crossbred new rice varieties, it is suggested that the japonica rice should be reincarnated as the parental cultivar, and the selected plants from B_1F_1 or B_2F_1 should be better for flower culture.