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目的分析脂溶性维生素药品不良反应(ADR)发生的临床特点及规律,为儿科临床安全用药提供参考。方法回顾性分析医院2013年1月-2016年12月收集上报的49例脂溶性维生素ADR报告。结果 49例患儿中2013年5例(10.21%),2014年25例(51.02%),2015年15例(30.61%),2016年4例(8.16%);发生ADR的季节以冬季为主28例(57.14%),其次为春季18例(36.73%);脂溶性维生素(Ⅰ)发生ADR 40例(81.63%);性别男24例(48.98%),女25例(51.02%);年龄1.7~12.0岁;感染性疾病38例(77.55%);患儿有个人或家族过敏性因素39例(79.59%)。49例ADR累及全身多个器官和(或)系统157例次,其中最常见的是皮肤及其附件损害68例次(43.31%)。49例患儿根据实际需要进行抗过敏、抗休克、维持生命体征等综合治疗,全部转归良好,无后遗症发生。结论脂溶性维生素是易致敏药物,ADR易在有过敏性因素的患儿中出现,感染本身可能是诱发ADR的一个因素,在临床工作中合理使用脂溶性维生素可减少ADR的发生。
Objective To analyze the clinical features and rules of fat-soluble vitamin drug adverse reactions (ADR) and provide reference for pediatric clinical safety medication. Methods A retrospective analysis of 49 cases of fat-soluble vitamin ADR reported by the hospital from January 2013 to December 2016 was reported. Results Among the 49 cases, 5 (10.21%) were in 2013, 25 (51.2%) in 2014, 15 (30.61%) in 2015 and 4 (8.16%) in 2016. The season of ADR was dominated by winter 28 cases (57.14%) followed by 18 cases (36.73%) in spring and 40 cases (81.63%) with fat-soluble vitamin A. There were 24 males (48.98%) males and 25 females (51.02% 1.7 ~ 12.0 years old; 38 cases of infectious diseases (77.55%); 39 children (39.59%) had anaphylactic or personal allergic factors. 49 cases of ADR involving 157 cases of systemic multiple organs and / or systems, the most common is the skin and its accessories damage 68 cases (43.31%). 49 cases of children under the actual needs of anti-allergy, anti-shock, vital signs and other comprehensive treatment, all go well, without sequelae. Conclusion: Lipid-soluble vitamins are easily sensitized drugs. ADR is easy to occur in children with allergic factors. Infection may be a factor inducing ADR. Rational use of fat-soluble vitamins in clinical work can reduce ADR.