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目的分析不同工龄、性别与噪声作业工人听力损伤的关系,为钢铁企业开展噪声危害控制提供参考依据。方法根据GBZ 188-2006噪声作业工人健康检查规范,对武汉市某钢铁厂1 697名噪声作业工人听力检查结果进行分析。结果不同暴露工龄组听力损伤发生率的差异有统计学意义(χ2=175.69,P<0.01);随着噪声暴露时间的增加,作业人员语频、高频损伤发生率的变化总体呈现递增趋势,且随工龄增长,听力损伤的轻、中、重程度发生率也出现逐渐增加趋势。不同性别人员的听力损伤情况差异有统计学意义(χ2=30.879,P<0.01)。结论噪声作业人员听力损失的发生率及严重程度与工龄有关,且存在性别差异。
Objective To analyze the relationship between hearing loss in workers of different working age, gender and noise, and to provide reference for the iron and steel enterprises to carry out noise hazard control. Methods Based on the GBZ 188-2006 noise inspection standards for workers exposed to noise, the hearing test results of 1 697 noise workers in a steel plant in Wuhan were analyzed. Results There was a significant difference in the incidence of hearing impairment between different working age groups (χ2 = 175.69, P <0.01). With the increase of noise exposure time, the incidence of audiophile frequency and high frequency injury showed an overall increasing trend, And with the increase of seniority, the incidence of mild, moderate and severe hearing impairment also increased gradually. The differences of hearing loss among different sexes were statistically significant (χ2 = 30.879, P <0.01). Conclusion The incidence and severity of hearing loss of noise workers are related to length of service and there are gender differences.