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目的探讨付出-回报失衡(effort-reward imbalance measure,ERI)与高血压的关系。方法采用整群抽样的方法,对某热电厂工龄>2 a的498名在职工人进行横断面调查,有效样本446例。排除了继发性高血压、糖尿病史、肝、肾病史等,确诊高血压病例84例(其中男性58例,女性26例),血压正常者362例。使用付出-回报失衡模式问卷测评付出-回报失衡程度;调查高血压的主要危险因素;常规法测定血清甘油三酯、总胆固醇及空腹血糖水平。结果 ERI与高血压病关系的单因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,除了父母高血压病史、文化程度、体重指数、甘油三酯及总胆固醇与高血压病有关外,ERI(OR=2.11)、内在付出(OR=1.74)和外在付出(OR=1.37)也与高血压病有关联;多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,除父母高血压病史、文化程度、体重指数及甘油三酯进入回归方程外,ERI也进入回归方程(OR=2.12);ERI与高血压病关系的性别差异分析结果显示,男性不平衡程度高、低2个水平组间高血压患病率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),OR值为3.13,而女性2个组间高血压患病率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 ERI可能是高血压病的一个危险因素。
Objective To explore the relationship between pay-return imbalance measure (ERI) and hypertension. Methods A cluster sampling method was used to carry out a cross-sectional survey of 498 active workers with working ages> 2 years in a thermal power plant, with 446 valid samples. Excluding the history of secondary hypertension, diabetes mellitus, history of liver and kidney disease, 84 cases of hypertension (including 58 males and 26 females) and 362 normal blood pressure were diagnosed. Using pay-return imbalance model Questionnaire pay-return imbalance degree; investigate the main risk factors of hypertension; routine determination of serum triglyceride, total cholesterol and fasting blood glucose levels. Results The single factor logistic regression analysis showed that the ERI (OR = 2.11), internalized in addition to the history of hypertension, education level, body mass index, triglyceride and total cholesterol were related to hypertension. (OR = 1.74) and extrinsic (OR = 1.37) were also associated with hypertension. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that except for the history of hypertension, education level, body mass index and triglyceride entered the regression equation, ERI also entered the regression equation (OR = 2.12); gender differences in the relationship between ERI and hypertension showed that male imbalance was high, the prevalence of hypertension in the two groups were significantly different (P <0.01). The odds ratio was 3.13. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of hypertension between the two groups (P> 0.05). Conclusion ERI may be a risk factor for hypertension.