论文部分内容阅读
目的调查一定时期内住院患者医院感染状况、病原菌检出及耐药性、抗菌药物使用和相关危险因素,为制定医院感染监测计划提供科学依据。方法利用医院感染管理信息系统与病历管理his系统、微生物Lis系统等联网,对2012年8月14日0∶00-24∶00所有住院患者进行横断面调查,各病区医院感染兼职医师负责该病区患者调查,调查的住院患者逐一在信息系统填写个案调查表,再由医院感染专职人员审核,对调查结果进行统计分析。结果应调查住院患者1 450例,实际调查1 450例,实查率为100.0%;医院感染40例、43例次,现患率2.8%、例次感染率为3.0%;感染率最高的科室为儿科,占6.5%;感染部位前3位为下呼吸道、泌尿道、上呼吸道,分别占51.2%、18.6%、16.3%;医院感染病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,占75.0%,治疗性用药送检率为40.4%;抗菌药物使用率为30.1%,其中治疗性用药占59.7%,预防性用药占32.0%,治疗加预防性用药占8.2%。结论现患率调查真实地发现了住院患者中医院感染高发科室和人群,应针对性加强目标性监测,抗菌药物使用应合理。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of nosocomial infections, pathogen detection and drug resistance, the use of antimicrobial agents and related risk factors in hospitalized patients during a certain period of time to provide a scientific basis for the development of nosocomial infection surveillance programs. Methods The hospital infection management information system and medical records management his system, such as microbial Lis system networking, on August 14, 2012 0:00 - 24: 00 all cross-sectional hospitalized patients survey, part-time hospital infection in each ward responsible for the Ward patient survey, inpatient survey completed one by one in the information system to fill in the case questionnaire, and then by the hospital infection full-time staff review, the statistical analysis of the survey results. Results A total of 1 450 inpatients should be investigated, of which 1 450 were actually investigated. The actual investigation rate was 100.0%. The hospital infection rate was 40 cases and 43 cases. The prevalence rate was 2.8% and the infection rate was 3.0%. The highest infection rate was Pediatric, accounting for 6.5%; the first three sites of infection were lower respiratory tract, urinary tract and upper respiratory tract, accounting for 51.2%, 18.6% and 16.3% respectively. Gram-negative bacteria were the main pathogens in hospital, accounting for 75.0% The detection rate was 40.4%. The antimicrobial use rate was 30.1%, of which 59.7% were for therapeutic use, 32.0% were for preventive use and 8.2% were for therapeutic and prophylactic use. Conclusion The current prevalence survey found that hospitalized patients hospitalized with infectious diseases and the crowd, should be targeted to strengthen targeted surveillance, antimicrobial use should be reasonable.