基于理想参照系和关键指标的自然保护区生态系统质量评估新框架

• 作 者: 武振良 侯继华 徐丽 何念鹏
• 机 构: 北京林业大学生态与自然保护区学院,北京 100083;中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室,北京 100101;中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室
• 出 处: 资源与生态学报（英文版）
• 发表日期: 2022年3期
• 关键词: nature reserve ecosystem quality ideal reference key indicators conservation man

随着自然保护区数量和类型的不断增加,客观评价和比较不同自然保护区的保护成效,对于保护物种多样性、确保国家合理的经济投入和调整政府管理方案具有重要意义.建立旗舰种或明星物种与生态系统质量相结合的综合评价方法,有助于提高对自然保护区评价的能力.因此,建立一个具有科学、经济、客观的快速评估生态系统质量的新框架很重要.在此,我们提出了一个新的框架,将理想参考的新概念纳入评价系统,这将有助于比较不同时期和地区的保护成效.此外,从客观、快速和经济的角度出发,提出了利用净初级生产力、土壤有机质、植物多样性等关键生态指标的建议.新框架被称为“理想参照系和关键指标”(IRKI),能够充分满足区域和国家快速评价生态系统质量的要求.此外,IRKI还可以识别自然保护区的恢复潜力和恢复周期,从而促进资源的合理配置,提高保护效果.我国的自然保护区类型较多,有必要对不同类型的自然保护区的评估方法或参数进行部分调整.总的来说,IRKI 提供了一个简单、清晰和可比较的框架,将有力地提高自然保护区的保护效果,促进管理实践的标准化.“,”With increasing numbers and types of nature reserves (NRs), objective evaluation and comparison of the effects of different nature NRs on conservation efforts are of great importance for protecting species diversity, ensuring reasonable national economic input, and adjusting government management schemes. Developing a method for the combined assessment of flagship or umbrella species and ecosystem quality will improve the evaluation of NRs. However, it is also important to establish a new framework for rapid evaluation of ecosystem quality, supported by the advantages of scientific, economic, and regular principles. Here, we proposed a new framework that incorporates the novel concept of ideal references into evaluation systems, which will facilitate the comparison of results from different periods and regions. Furthermore, from the perspective of making the frame-work as objective, rapid, and economical as possible, we recommended some key ecological indicators, such as net primary productivity, soil organic matter, plant diversity, for use in the new evaluation framework. The new framework, referred to as “ideal reference and key indicators” (IRKI), can sufficiently meet the requirements for the rapid evaluation of ecosystem quality both regionally and nationally. Furthermore, IRKI can identify the restoration potential and restoration periods of NRs, thus facilitating the rational distribution of resources and enhancing the protective effect. There are many types of NRs in China, and it is necessary to partially alter the assessment methods or parameters for different types of NRs. Overall, IRKI provides a simple, clear, and comparable frame-work that will strongly enhance the conservation of protected areas (PAs) and facilitate the standardization of management practices.