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一、概述随着我国十四个沿海地区对外开放的经济形势,必然促进沿海现代化工业的迅速发展,海水污染将日趋严重。目前,油污染已成为海洋污染的主要形式之一,尤其在沿海、港湾、油运主要航线及海上石油开采区域更为显著,例如胶州湾内两次油轮(1983年11月28日巴拿马籍“东方大使”号与1984年9月28日巴西籍“加翠”号)海损事故造成大量溢油污染,因而引起公众的极大关注和国家对海洋环境保护的重视。
I. Overview With the economic situation of opening up to the outside world in fourteen coastal areas of our country, it is inevitable to promote the rapid development of the coastal modern industry and seawater pollution will become increasingly serious. At present, oil pollution has become one of the major forms of marine pollution, especially in the coastal areas, harbors, main routes of oil tankers and offshore oil exploration areas. For example, two oil tankers in the Gulf of Jiaozhou (Panamanian “East Ambassador ”and September 28, 1984 Brazil“ Tsui Tsui, ”No.) sea accident caused a large number of oil spill pollution, which aroused great public concern and the state’s emphasis on marine environmental protection.