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目的:探讨妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)对孕妇妊娠结局和胎儿健康的影响。方法:回顾性分析2009年8月~2012年12月在我院分娩的184例GDM患者及200例健康孕妇的临床资料,并对两组孕妇的妊娠结局进行比较。结果:GDM组妊高症35例(19.0%)、羊水过多17例(9.2%)、早产21例(11.4%)、产后出血14例(7.6%)、产褥感染12例(6.5%),发生率均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);GDM组中发生巨大儿48例(26.1%)、新生儿低血糖31例(16.8%),与对照组比较均显著增高(P<0.05),而胎儿宫内窘迫的发生率(3.3%)也较对照组升高,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);GDM组剖宫产141例(76.6%),阴道产43例(23.4%),剖宫产比例较对照组显著升高(P<0.05)。结论:GDM对孕妇的妊娠结局有不利影响,孕妇应加强孕期保健,规范治疗妊娠期糖尿病,减少各种并发症的发生。
Objective: To investigate the effect of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on pregnancy outcomes and fetal health in pregnant women. Methods: The clinical data of 184 GDM patients and 200 healthy pregnant women delivered in our hospital from August 2009 to December 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. The pregnancy outcomes of the two groups of pregnant women were compared. Results: 35 cases (19.0%) of hyperthyroidism, 17 cases of amniotic fluid hyperplasia (9.2%), 21 cases of premature delivery (11.4%), 14 cases of postpartum hemorrhage (7.6%) and 12 cases of puerperal infection (6.5% (P <0.05). There were 48 (26.1%) macrosomia and 31 (16.8%) neonates with hypoglycemia in GDM group, which were significantly higher than those in control group (P <0.05) ), While the incidence of fetal distress (3.3%) was also higher than that of the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05). There were 141 cases (76.6%) of cesarean section in GDM group and 43 cases 23.4%), and the proportion of cesarean section was significantly higher than that of the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion: GDM has adverse effects on the pregnancy outcome of pregnant women. Pregnant women should strengthen their health care during pregnancy and standardize the treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus to reduce the occurrence of various complications.