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为了解释经济发展、地区分工和产业集聚这一共生现象,本文设计了一个引入运输成本、专业化经济、学习效应和拥挤性的两地区两产品模型。模型显示了生产消费一般均衡从地区之间没有分工到完全专业化的演进过程。通常,在上面提到的两个稳定均衡之间,还存在一个非稳定的内点均衡。一旦经济从上一个稳定均衡跳到并偏离带有临界规模专业生产人数的非稳定均衡,生产系统就进入了一个持续的转移动态过程,直到下一个稳定均衡。
In order to explain the symbiosis of economic development, regional division of labor and industrial agglomeration, this paper designs a two-product model of two regions with the introduction of transportation costs, specialization economy, learning effect and congestion. The model shows that the general equilibrium of production and consumption evolves from no division of labor to complete specialization in regions. In general, there is an unstable internal point equilibrium between the two stable equalities mentioned above. Once the economy jumps from the previous stable equilibrium to the non-stable equilibrium with the professional production of the critical mass, the production system enters a continuous process of dynamic transfer until the next steady equilibrium.