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这里提出了一种观察相物体用的简单的高精度外差千涉仪。光学系统由一个含有两个空间滤波器的串级型相干双衍射系统构成。全息图H靠通过含有两个孔的空间滤波器F_1的两个波来记录。位于光轴上的那个波穿过其中一个孔,该孔很小,以致只有点光源的像才能透过它。经Ronchi光栅G衍射的一级波到穿过另一个孔,这个孔很大,足以使物体的整个波谱透过。平面H后面的光学系统是空间滤波系统,它只选出两个干涉波。如果物体的状态
Here, a simple high-precision heterodyne interferometer for observing a phase object is proposed. The optical system consists of a tandem coherent diffraction system with two spatial filters. The hologram H is recorded by two waves passing through the spatial filter F_1 containing two holes. The wave on the optical axis passes through one of the holes so small that only the image of the point source passes through it. The primary wave diffracted by the Ronchi grating G passes through another hole that is large enough for the entire spectrum of the object to pass through. The optical system behind the plane H is a spatial filtering system that selects only two interfering waves. If the state of the object