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[目的]研究母亲孕早期空气可吸入颗粒物(PM_(10))、二氧化硫(SO_2)、二氧化氮(NO_2)暴露对新生儿出生体重的影响。[方法]研究对象为2008—2012年上海市出生登记系统记录的所有在沪出生的单胎婴儿资料,污染数据来自上海市环境监测中心网站;根据母亲孕周和分娩日期计算孕妇孕早期污染物个体暴露水平,分析母亲孕早期不同等级的污染物暴露对婴儿出生体重的影响。[结果]上海市5年间低出生体重发生率为2.78%。不同性别、出生年份、母亲年龄、母亲文化程度、胎次、产次分组的婴儿,其出生体重差异有统计学意义(均P<0.01);母亲孕早期污染物不同暴露水平间婴儿出生体重差异有统计学意义(均P<0.01);控制可能的混杂因素后,多元线性回归分析结果表明孕早期PM_(10)、SO_2、NO_2暴露水平与新生儿出生体重之间相关,且有统计学意义。孕早期接触PM_(10)的平均浓度每增加10μg/m~3,出生体重减少4.3 g;孕早期接触SO_2的平均浓度每增加10μg/m~3,出生体重减少7.6 g;孕早期接触NO_2的平均浓度每增加10μg/m~3,出生体重减少6.0 g。[结论]孕早期空气污染物暴露与新生儿低出生体重有关,空气污染对妊娠结局的影响值得关注。
[Objective] To study the influence of maternal exposure to airborne particulate matter (PM_ (10), sulfur dioxide (SO_2) and NO_2 on the newborn birth weight in early pregnancy. [Methods] The data of all the singleton infants born in Shanghai recorded by Shanghai Birth Registration System from 2008 to 2012 were collected from the website of Shanghai Environmental Monitoring Center. The data of pregnant women in the first trimester of pregnancy were calculated according to their gestational age and delivery date Individual exposure levels, analysis of the impact of different levels of exposure of mothers during the first trimester of pregnancy on infant’s birth weight. [Results] The incidence of low birth weight in Shanghai in 5 years was 2.78%. The differences of birth weight among infants of different sex, year of birth, mother’s age, mother’s education level, parity and parity were statistically significant (all P <0.01) (P <0.01). After controlling for possible confounding factors, the results of multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the levels of PM 10, SO 2 and NO 2 in the first trimester were correlated with the birth weight of newborns, and there was a statistically significant difference . Exposure to PM_ (10) in early pregnancy decreased by 4.3 g for every 10 μg / m 3 increase in body weight. Birth weight decreased by 7.6 g for every 10 μg / m 3 increased in the first trimester exposure to pregnant women. In the first trimester exposure to NO 2 For every 10μg / m ~ 3 increase in average concentration, birth weight loss was 6.0g. [Conclusion] The exposure of air pollutants in early pregnancy is related to the low birth weight of newborns. The impact of air pollution on pregnancy outcome deserves our attention.