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一、呼吸性酸中毒由于肺泡通气不足,导致体内CO_2潴留,使PaCO_2原发性升高,称为呼吸性酸中毒。 (一)病因:①常见于COPD急性发作期,由于呼吸道的感染炎症、支气管痉挛、分泌物积聚而使气道阻塞加重,致CO_2潴留;②胸廓畸形、胸膜增厚、气胸等所致限制性通气障碍;③呼吸肌衰竭所致肺泡通气不足;④使用镇静剂或吸氧浓度过高,引起呼吸抑制。以上情况均使肺泡通气量降低,PaCO_2增高。
First, respiratory acidosis due to inadequate alveolar ventilation, leading to retention of CO_2 in the body, so that PaCO_2 increased primary, known as respiratory acidosis. (A) causes: ① common in acute exacerbation of COPD, due to respiratory tract inflammation, bronchial spasm, secretions and accumulation of airway obstruction, resulting in retention of CO_2; ② thoracic deformity, pleural thickening, pneumothorax and other restrictions caused by Ventilation disorders; respiratory failure due to respiratory alveolar hypoventilation; the use of sedatives or oxygen concentration is too high, causing respiratory depression. The above conditions are alveolar ventilation decreased, PaCO_2 increased.