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目的:探讨新疆伊犁哈萨克族自治州10年间476例食管癌构成比及流行病学特点.方法:对2002-01/2012-01新疆伊犁哈萨克族自治州友谊医院和新疆生产建设兵团农四师医院内窥镜诊断,病理组织学确诊的476例食管癌患者为对象建立SPSS数据库,统计各民族食管癌的检出率并分析各民族间这10年食管癌患病的性别比、患病年龄、病变部位和鳞腺癌方面的变化.结果:(1)476例食管癌中,男性占71.64%(341例),女性占28.36%(135例),男女之比为2.53∶1;(2)食管癌发病的平均年龄为62.23岁;(3)食管癌的病变部位以中段居多,下段次之,上段最少,中老年易患,97.5%的患者发病在40岁以后,男性高于女性;(4)鳞状上皮癌最多见,占总食管癌的86.34%,腺癌次之;(5)31613例胃镜结果中检出食管癌476例,检出率1.5%;其中哈族检出率显著高于其他民族(汉族、维族、回族),差异有统计学意义(P<0.001).结论:476例食管癌中哈萨克族的检出率及构成比显著高于其他民族,在对其防治上具有重要的指导意义.
Objective: To investigate the constitutional ratio and epidemiological characteristics of 476 cases of esophageal cancer in Xinjiang Yili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture in 10 years.Methods: From January 2002 to January 2012, the Friendship Hospital of Xinjiang Yili Kazak Autonomous Prefecture and the Fourth Agricultural Hospital of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Mirror diagnosis, histopathological diagnosis of 476 cases of esophageal cancer patients as the object to establish SPSS database, statistics of the detection rate of esophageal cancer of all ethnic groups and ethnic differences in the 10 years of esophageal cancer prevalence, age of illness, lesions And squamous cell carcinoma.Results: (1) In 476 cases of esophageal cancer, male accounted for 71.64% (341 cases), female accounted for 28.36% (135 cases), the ratio of male to female was 2.53:1; (2) The average age of onset was 62.23 years old. (3) The majority of lesions in the middle part of esophageal cancer were in the middle part, followed by the lower part, the upper part was the least, the middle-aged and the elderly were predisposed. 97.5% of the patients were older than the female after 40 years old. (4) Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common, accounting for 86.34% of total esophageal cancer, followed by adenocarcinoma; (5) 31613 cases of esophageal cancer gastroscopy detected in 476 cases, the detection rate was 1.5%; of which Kazakh detection rate was significantly higher than The other ethnic groups (Han, Uygur and Hui) had statistically significant differences (P <0.001) .Conclusion: In 476 cases of esophageal cancer, Croat detection rate and composition ratio was significantly higher than other ethnic groups, has an important guiding significance for its prevention and treatment.