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目的了解保健食品中重金属、微生物及农药污染情况。方法样品为2008—2013年由保健食品生产、经营企业送检和监督部门抽检的产品共1 962份,采用GB/T 5009、GB 5009、GB/T 4789、GB 4789规定的方法,对2008—2013年河南省保健食品中的重金属、微生物、农药残留进行检测及分析。结果 6年间铅、砷、汞总超标率分别为6.67%(120/1 800)、6.12%(110/1 798)和1.32%(13/988),铅、砷年度超标率呈下降趋势,汞年度超标率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。菌落总数、霉菌及酵母菌总超标率分别为5.25%、3.55%和0.32%,其年度超标率均呈下降趋势,大肠菌群年度超标率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。铅、砷、汞、大肠菌群及霉菌超标主要集中于植物及动物类保健食品;铅、砷、汞、菌落总数、大肠菌群及霉菌超标率均以丸剂最高;植物类、动物类及营养素补充剂类保健食品的铅含量均值分别为0.71、0.74和0.31 mg/kg,砷含量均值分别为0.41、0.39和0.12 mg/kg,汞含量均值分别为0.07、0.04和0.03 mg/kg。致病菌未检出。检测377份样品的六六六、滴滴涕,均未超标。结论重金属污染较重,但超标率趋于下降,微生物存在不同程度污染但有所好转,植物类、动物类及丸剂保健食品风险较大;六六六、滴滴涕污染较低。
Objective To understand the pollution of heavy metals, microorganisms and pesticides in health food. Methods The sample was 1 962 samples from the health food production and inspection and inspection departments of the manufacturing enterprises from 2008 to 2013. The method of GB / T 5009, GB 5009, GB / T 4789, In 2013, the detection and analysis of heavy metals, microorganisms and pesticide residues in health food in Henan Province were carried out. Results The total over-standard rates of lead, arsenic and mercury in six years were 6.67% (120/1 800), 6.12% (110/1 798) and 1.32% (13/988), respectively. There was no significant difference in annual excess rate (P> 0.05). The total over-standard rates of colony, mold and yeast were 5.25%, 3.55% and 0.32%, respectively. The annual excess rates showed a downward trend. The annual excess rates of coliform bacteria showed no significant difference (P> 0.05). Lead, arsenic, mercury, coliform bacteria and mold exceeded the standard mainly in plant and animal health food; lead, arsenic, mercury, the total number of colonies, coliform bacteria and mold exceeded the highest rate of pills; plants, animals and nutrients The average lead content of supplements health food products were 0.71, 0.74 and 0.31 mg / kg, respectively. The mean arsenic contents were 0.41, 0.39 and 0.12 mg / kg, respectively, and the mean mercury contents were 0.07, 0.04 and 0.03 mg / kg, respectively. Pathogens not detected. 377 samples of BHC and DDT were not exceeded. Conclusions The heavy metal pollution is heavy, but the over standard rate tends to decline. However, the microorganisms are polluted to some extent but improved. The risk of plant, animal and pill health food products is relatively high. The pollution of 666 and DDT is low.