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目的:探讨长沙地区县级医院中年慢性病患者健康商数指数及其影响因素,帮助中年人群提升健康自我管理能力。方法:采用随机抽样的方法对长沙地区4所县级医院的808名中年慢性疾病患者进行一般情况和健商问卷调查,所有资料均采用SPSS13.0统计软件进行分析。结果:(1)健康商数状况调查结果中各维度得分均较低,在相应临界值水平左右,其中自我保健、生活方式、精神状态维度未低于相应临界值,精神状态维度得分相对较高,为24.73±5.49;健康知识维度的得分较低,为21.47±5.89,甚至低于安全健康商数维度的临界值。(2)不同年龄段、不同家庭住址、不同文化程度、不同体检频度患者在健康商数四个维度的得分均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同体质指数的患者在健康知识和精神状态维度的得分有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:(1)长沙地区县级医院中年慢性病患者健康商数状况总体不容乐观,尤其是健康知识维度较为薄弱,提示此类患者应成为护理工作针对性健康教育的重点对象,而健康知识普及应成为健康教育的重点内容。(2)年龄段、家庭住址、文化程度和体检频度是住院中年慢性病患者健康商数的重要影响因素,据此可为护理工作中开展个体化的干预策略提供参考依据。
Objective: To explore the health quotient index of middle-aged patients with chronic diseases and its influential factors in county-level hospitals in Changsha and to help middle-aged people improve their ability of self-management. Methods: A total of 808 middle-aged patients with chronic diseases in 4 county-level hospitals in Changsha were surveyed by using random sampling method. The data were analyzed by using SPSS 13.0 statistical software. Results: (1) The results of health quotient survey showed that the scores of all dimensions were low and the corresponding thresholds were around. The dimensions of self-care, life style and mental status were not lower than the corresponding critical values, and scores of mental state dimensions were relatively high , 24.73 ± 5.49. The score of health knowledge dimension was lower at 21.47 ± 5.89, which was even lower than the critical value of the dimension of safety and health quotient. (2) The scores of patients in different age groups, different family residences, different educational level and different physical examination frequency in the four dimensions of health quotient were all statistically significant (P <0.05); in patients with different body mass index, health knowledge and spirit The state dimension scored statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion: (1) The situation of health quotient of middle-aged patients with chronic diseases in county-level hospitals in Changsha is generally not optimistic, especially the health knowledge dimension is weak, suggesting that such patients should become the focus of health education targeted at nursing work, and health literacy Should be the focus of health education. (2) Age, family address, educational level and physical examination frequency are the important influencing factors of health quotient of chronic diseases in hospitalized middle-aged people, so as to provide reference for carrying out individualized intervention strategies in nursing work.