【摘 要】
：
Nitric oxide is an important mediator of vascular autoregulation and is involved in pathophysiological changes after acute neurological disorders. Nitric oxide is generated by nitric oxide synthases from the amino acid L-arginine. L-arginine can also serv
【机 构】
：
Department of Neurosurgery,University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf,Hamburg,Germany;Institute for
论文部分内容阅读
Nitric oxide is an important mediator of vascular autoregulation and is involved in pathophysiological changes after acute neurological disorders. Nitric oxide is generated by nitric oxide synthases from the amino acid L-arginine. L-arginine can also serve as a substrate for arginases or lead to the generation of dimethylarginines, asymmetric dimethylarginine, and symmetric dimethylarginine, by methylation. Asymmetric dimethylarginine is an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase and can lead to endothelial dysfunction. This review discusses the role of L-arginine metabolism in patients suffering from acute and critical neurological disorders often requiring neuro-intensive care treatment. Conditions addressed in this review include intracerebral hemorrhage, aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, and traumatic brain injury. Recent therapeutic advances in the field are described including current randomized controlled trials for traumatic brain injuries and hemorrhagic stroke.
其他文献
Parkinson\'s disease is the most common movement disorder worldwide, affecting over 6 million people. It is an age-related disease, occurring in 1％ of people over the age of 60, and 3％ of the population over 80 years. The disease is characterized by the
Alzheimer\'s disease is a neurodegenerative condition leading to atrophy of the brain and robbing nearly 5.8 million individuals in the United States age 65 and older of their cognitive functions.Alzheimer\'s disease is associated with dementia and a
Glaucoma is one of the world\'s most frequent visual impairment causes and leads to selective damage to retinal ganglion cells and their axons. Despite glaucoma\'s most accepted risk factor is increased intraocular pressure (IOP), the mechanisms behin
Spinal cord injury (SCI) research is a very complex field lending to why reviews of SCI literatures can be beneficial to current and future researchers. This review focuses on recent articles regarding potential modalities for the treatment and management
Mitochondria play a multidimensional role in the function and the vitality of theneurological system. From the generation of neural stem cells to the maintenance of neurons and their ultimate demise, mitochondria play a critical role in regulating our neu
Parkinson\'s disease, the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder worldwide, is characterized by a progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra pars compacta, causing motor symptoms. This disorder\'s main hallmark is the forma
Retinal damage in the adult zebrafish induces Müller glia reprogramming to produce neuronal progenitor cells that proliferate and differentiate into retinal neurons.Notch signaling,which is a fundamental mechanism known to drive cell-cell communication,is
Spinal cord injury represents a devastating central nervous system injury that could impair the mobility and sensory function of afflicted patients. The hallmarks of spinal cord injury include neuroinflammation, axonal degeneration, neuronal loss, and rea
The expanded lifespan of people, while a positive advance, has also amplified the prevalence of age-related disorders, which include mild cognitive impairment, dementia, and Alzheimer\'s disease. Therefore, competent therapies that could improve the hea
Peripheral nerve injuries commonly occur due to trauma, like a traffic accident. Peripheral nerves get severed, causing motor neuron death and potential muscle atrophy. Thecurrent golden standard to treat peripheral nerve lesions, especially lesions with