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硫唑嘌呤(Azathioprine)是一种具有免疫抑制活性的、生理性嘌呤类(如腺嘌呤、鸟嘌呤和次黄嘌呤)的化学同类物,其免疫抑制作用尚未完全明瞭。硫唑嘌呤在体内转变成6巯基嘌呤,进而变成具有免疫抑制作用的核苷酸。已知硫唑嘌呤能抑制核分裂,抑制抗各种抗原的抗体的形成(特别是IgG和IgM),减低T细胞反应和抑制肉芽组织生成。已发现硫唑嘌呤在治疗多种皮肤病中是有效的。虽然具有一定的毒性作用,但在仔细的观察下,不失为一种有用的治疗措施。本文旨在对硫唑嘌呤的作用机理、应用时间和使用法作一介绍。
Azathioprine is an immunosuppressive, chemical analogue of the physiological purines (adenine, guanine and hypoxanthine) whose immunosuppressive effects are not fully understood. Azathioprine is converted in vivo to 6-mercaptopurine, which in turn becomes an immunosuppressive nucleotide. Azathioprine is known to inhibit nuclear fission, inhibit the formation of antibodies against various antigens, particularly IgG and IgM, reduce T cell responses and inhibit granulation tissue formation. Azathioprine has been found to be effective in the treatment of various skin diseases. Although a certain degree of toxic effects, but under careful observation, after all, a useful treatment. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the mechanism of action of azathioprine, the application time and the usage.