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目的在各种空中交通态势的时间与距离特征条件下,讨论空中交通信息显示格式(分离式与整合式)对冲突探测任务绩效的影响。方法54名受试者参与实验,摸拟呈现4架飞机的空中交通态势信息,受试者判断哪一架入侵机会与本机发生冲突。实验采用3(入侵机飞行时间)×2(入侵机飞行距离)×2(显示格式)重复测量实验设计。因变量是冲突探测的判断时间与判断准确率。结果在分离式显示格式条件下,随着入侵机至航线交汇点的飞行时间延长、距离增加,冲突探测准确率显著下降(P<0.01)。而在整合式显示格式条件下,飞行时间与距离不影响冲突探测准确率,无论飞行时间与距离如何变化,探测准确率均保持在较高水平。结论精心设计显示格式能提高冲突探测绩效。
Objective To discuss the impact of air traffic information display format (separate and integrated) on the performance of conflict detection missions under the condition of time and distance of various air traffic situations. Methods Fifty-four subjects participated in the experiment and simulated the air traffic situation information of four aircraft. The subjects judged which one of the invaders was in conflict with the locality. The experimental design was repeated using 3 (flight time of the intruder) × 2 (flight distance of the intruder) × 2 (display format). The dependent variable is the judgment time and the accuracy of the conflict detection. Results Under the separate display format, the accuracy of collision detection decreased significantly with the increase of the flight time and the distance from the invasion aircraft to the flight path junction (P <0.01). Under the condition of integrated display format, the flight time and distance do not affect the accuracy of collision detection, and the detection accuracy remains at a high level no matter the flight time and distance change. Conclusion Well-designed display formats improve conflict detection performance.