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目的 探讨安定预防小儿热性惊厥（ＦＣ）复发的作用及合适的治疗剂量。方法 ７７ 例ＦＣ患儿随机分成安定预防用药小剂量组、大剂量组及对照组。小剂量组当患儿发热超过３７－５ ℃时口服安定片０－２ｍｇ／ｋｇ，８ 小时后热未退再服１ 次；大剂量组将安定组用量加至０－５ｍｇ／ｋｇ，余同小剂量组；对照组仅予对症治疗。随访６ 个月至５年。结果 大、小剂量组ＦＣ复发率均少于对照组（ Ｐ＜ ０－０５） 。小剂量组复发次数明显少于对照组（ Ｐ ＜ ０－０１） ，大剂量组少于对照组（ Ｐ＜０－０５）。大、小剂量组癫痫发生率亦低于对照组（ Ｐ＜ ０－０５）。而大、小剂量组间ＦＣ复发率、复发次数、癫痫发生率均无显著性差异。大剂量组副作用发生率多于小剂量组（ Ｐ＜ ０－０５）。结论 安定预防小儿ＦＣ复发有效，是否能相应地减少ＦＣ 后癫痫发生率，有待进一步探讨。安定预防ＦＣ 的剂量一般以每次０－２ｍｇ／ｋｇ 为宜，用药应及时。
Objective To investigate the effect of diazepam in preventing recurrence of pediatric febrile seizures (FC) and the appropriate therapeutic dose. Methods A total of 77 children with FC were randomly divided into low dose group, high dose group and control group. Small dose group when the child fever over 37-5 ℃ oral stability tablets 0-2mg / kg, 8 hours after the heat did not withdraw and then take a second; high-dose group will be the stability of the group added to 0-5mg / kg, remaining Low-dose group; the control group was only symptomatic treatment. Follow up for 6 months to 5 years. Results The recurrence rates of FC in large and small dose groups were less than those in control group (P <0-05). The number of relapse in the low-dose group was significantly less than that in the control group (P <0-01), and the high-dose group was less than the control group (P <0-05). The incidence of epilepsy in the large and small dose groups was also lower than that in the control group (P <0-05). There was no significant difference in the recurrence rate of FC, the number of relapse and the incidence of epilepsy between large and small dose groups. The incidence of side effects in the high-dose group was higher than that in the low-dose group (P <0-05). Conclusions Diazepam can effectively prevent the recurrence of FC in infants and reduce the incidence of epilepsy after FC, which needs to be further explored. Stabilizing the FC dose to prevent each 0-2mg / kg is appropriate, medication should be timely.