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目的了解农民工肺结核病例的流行特征,为制定预防控制策略提供科学依据。方法利用富顺县结防机构掌握的全县肺结核患者病历资料作线索,对农民工肺结核患者进行统一问卷调查,并采用描述性流行病学分析方法对患病情况和暴露因素进行分析。结果 2006—2008年富顺县农民工肺结核发病653例,占全县肺结核病例总数的31.65%(653/2 063);共问卷调查627例,其发病以25~44岁年龄组为主,占64.75%(405/627);男性348例,女性279例,男女性别比为1.25∶1;肺结核发病以劳动强度为轻度的保安、服务员类人员和中度的营销、操作工类人员居多,分别占37.32%、46.09%。Ⅲ型肺结核是主要的临床类型,占84.37%;不同危险行为的暴露率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),休息睡眠不足、膳食营养差、长期超时劳动是肺结核的3大危险行为。结论富顺县农民工肺结核防治工作不容忽视,应开展针对性的防控工作,切实保护农民工身体健康。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of migrant pulmonary tuberculosis cases and provide a scientific basis for making prevention and control strategies. Methods Using the records of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in the county from the prevention and control agencies of Fushun County as a clue, a unified questionnaire was conducted among migrant workers with tuberculosis and the descriptive epidemiological analysis was used to analyze the prevalence and exposure factors. Results A total of 653 pulmonary tuberculosis cases were detected among migrant workers in Fushun County in 2006-2008, accounting for 31.65% (653/2 063) of the total number of pulmonary tuberculosis cases in the county. A total of 627 questionnaires were collected, accounting for 64.75% % (405/627). There were 348 males and 279 females, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.25: 1. The incidence of tuberculosis was lightly guarded by labor intensity. Attendants and moderate marketing and operation workers were mostly Accounting for 37.32%, 46.09%. Type III pulmonary tuberculosis is the main clinical type, accounting for 84.37%. The exposure rates of different risk behaviors were significantly different (P <0.01). Resting sleep, poor dietary nutrition and prolonged overtime work were the three most dangerous behaviors of tuberculosis. Conclusion Fushun County migrant workers tuberculosis prevention and control work can not be ignored, should carry out targeted prevention and control work, and effectively protect the health of migrant workers.