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目的分析新疆巴音郭楞蒙古自治州(简称巴州)2001~2011年霍乱监测情况,探讨霍乱疫情的流行规律,为制定霍乱预防控制策略提供科学依据。方法收集巴州地区2001~2011年霍乱监测与实验室检测资料,分析霍乱的流行特征及其与外环境的关系。结果巴州地区2001~2011年共报告霍乱病例21例,健康带菌者2例,2001~2011年发病率0/10万~1.25/10万之间,年均发病率为0.23/10万,21例病例中男16例,女5例,男女比例为4.2:1,以青壮年多见,10~60岁年龄组占总病例数的80.95﹪,农民占大多数,占总病例数的47.61﹪,维吾尔族占大多数,占总病例数的71.43﹪。外环境监测共2 279份,共检出阳性标本156份,总阳性率为6.85%。结论加强腹泻病人、外环境及流行病学监测,加大卫生宣传力度,提高群众的卫生知识水平和防病意识,是控制霍乱疫情的关键。
Objective To analyze the status of cholera surveillance in Bayinguoleng Mongol Autonomous Prefecture (Bazhou) from 2001 to 2011 in Xinjiang and to explore the prevalence of cholera epidemic and to provide a scientific basis for the development of prevention and control measures for cholera. Methods The data of cholera surveillance and laboratory testing collected in Bazhou from 2001 to 2011 were collected to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of cholera and its relationship with the external environment. Results A total of 21 cases of cholera were reported from 2001 to 2011 in Bazhou area. Two healthy carriers were reported. The incidence rate was between 0/10 and 1.25 / 100000 between 2001 and 2011 with an annual average incidence of 0.23 / 100000 and 21 Among the cases, 16 were males and 5 were females, with a ratio of 4.2: 1 between males and females. The number of males and females was more common in young and middle-aged males. The population aged 10-60 years accounted for 80.95% of the total number of cases, with peasants accounting for the majority, accounting for 47.61% , Uighur majority, accounting for 71.43% of the total number of cases. A total of 2 279 environmental monitoring, a total of 156 positive samples were detected, the total positive rate was 6.85%. Conclusions The key to controlling the outbreak of cholera is to strengthen the monitoring of diarrhea patients, external environment and epidemiology, intensify publicity on health and improve people’s hygiene knowledge and awareness of disease prevention.