论文部分内容阅读
目的 对上海医院中临床分离菌进行耐药性监测，指导临床合理用药。方法 用ＫｉｒｂｙＢａｕｅｒ 法进行药敏试验，根据１９９７ 年ＮＣＣＬＳ判断结果。结果 临床分离菌中革兰阳性球菌有增多趋势。金黄色葡萄球菌（ＳＡ） 和凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌（ＣＮＳ） 中耐甲氧西林ＳＡ（ＭＲＳＡ） 和耐甲氧西林ＣＮＳ（ＭＲＣＮＳ）分别约占７０－７％ 和５４－９ ％ ，但对万古霉素均敏感。肠球菌属中万古霉素耐药株约５％ ，克雷白菌属、沙雷菌属、肠杆菌属和不动杆菌属对第三代头孢菌素和氟喹诺酮类的耐药率均有显著增高。许多肠杆菌科细菌对亚胺培南的耐药性有缓慢增加趋势。绿脓杆菌对头孢他啶、头孢哌酮和亚胺培南的耐药率比１９９４ 年前有显著增高。结论 合理用药和控制滥用为当务之急。
Objective To monitor the drug resistance of clinical isolates in Shanghai Hospitals and to guide clinical rational use of drugs. Methods Kirby-Bauer method for susceptibility testing, according to the 1997 NCCLS judgment. Results Clinical isolates of Gram-positive cocci have an increasing trend. Methicillin-resistant SA (MRSA) and methicillin-resistant CNS (MRCNS) in S. aureus (SA) and coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) account for 70-7% and 54-9%, respectively, All are sensitive to. Enterococcus in vancomycin-resistant strains of about 5%, Klebsiella, Serratia, Enterobacter and Acinetobacter third generation cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones resistance rates Significantly increased. Many enterobacteriaceae have a slowly increasing resistance to imipenem. The resistance rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to ceftazidime, cefoperazone and imipenem was significantly higher than that before 1994. Conclusion The rational use of drugs and abuse control are urgent tasks.