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目的研究亚慢性暴露酒石酸锑钾后,锑在大鼠血液中的蓄积作用,为锑的毒作用机制研究提供信息。方法Wistar雄鼠50只,对照组(15只)、低(10只)、中(10只)和高(15只)剂量组分别经口喂饲0、100、200和500 mg/kg含酒石酸锑钾的饲料13周,恢复4周。在染毒期第1、4、8、10和13周以及恢复期第15、17周采集血液,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)测定血浆、红细胞和血红蛋白结合态的锑浓度。处死的动物采集心、肝、脾、肺、肾、甲状腺、胸腺和膀胱组织,做病理组织学检查。结果大鼠染毒酒石酸锑钾后,锑主要存在红细胞中,其浓度变化与红细胞的代谢周期紧密相关。锑在血液中各组分浓度达到最高水平时(暴露4周后),高、中、低剂量组和对照组血浆中锑浓度分别为(34.99±24.62)、(17.64±6.68)、(11.16±9.91)和(0.47±0.01)μmol/L,红细胞中锑浓度分别为(2 231.3±170.7)、(1 593.7±110.6)、(423.7±52.4)和(9.4±2.5)μmol/L,血红蛋白结合态锑浓度分别为(2 273.5±159.9)、(1 568.6±128.8)、(530.4±163.1)和(8.28±2.15)μmol/L。结论锑主要在染毒酒石酸锑钾大鼠红细胞中蓄积,并且主要以血红蛋白结合态的形态存在。
Objective To study the accumulation of antimony in rat blood after subchronic exposure to antimony potassium tartrate, and to provide information on the mechanism of antimony toxicity. Methods Fifty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group (n = 15), low dose (n = 10), middle dose (n = 10) and high dose Antimony potassium feed for 13 weeks, recovery for 4 weeks. Blood was collected at the 1st, 4th, 8th, 10th, and 13th weeks of exposure and at the 15th and 17th weeks of convalescence, and the concentrations of antimony in the plasma, erythrocyte and hemoglobin bound were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The sacrificed animals collected heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, thyroid, thymus and bladder tissues for histopathological examination. RESULTS Antimony was mainly present in erythrocytes after exposure to antimony potassium tartrate in rats. The concentration of antimony was closely related to the metabolic cycle of erythrocytes. The concentrations of antimony in the blood reached the highest level (after 4 weeks of exposure), and the concentrations of antimony in plasma were 34.99 ± 24.62, 17.64 ± 6.68, 11.16 ± 9.41 and 0.47 ± 0.01 μmol / L, respectively. The concentrations of antimony in erythrocytes were (231.3 ± 170.7), (1593.7 ± 110.6), (423.7 ± 52.4) and (9.4 ± 2.5) The concentrations of antimony were (2 273.5 ± 159.9), (1 568.6 ± 128.8), (530.4 ± 163.1) and (8.28 ± 2.15) μmol / L, respectively. Conclusion Antimony mainly accumulates in erythrocytes of antimony-doped potassium tartrate rats, and mainly exists in the form of hemoglobin-bound state.