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采用田间试验方法,研究了多功能改土剂对甘肃省河西地区风沙土理化性质和玉米经济性状及效益的影响。结果表明,影响玉米产量的因素由大到小依次为:牛粪(A)>糠醛渣和保水剂(B)>专用肥>聚乙烯醇。因素间最佳组合是:A1B1C2D3E3﹝牛粪(A)7.82 t,糠醛渣(B)6.00 t,专用肥(C)1.04 t,聚乙烯醇(D)0.09 t,保水剂(E)0.05 t﹞。多功能改土剂施用量与风沙土孔隙度、团粒结构、蓄水量、有机质、速效氮磷钾和土壤电导率(EC)呈正相关,与土壤容重、pH值呈负相关。随着多功能改土剂施用量的增加,边际产量、边际利润在递减,多功能改土剂施用量在15.00 t/hm2的基础上,再增加3.75 t/hm2,收益出现负值。经回归统计分析表明,多功能改土剂最佳施用量为15.00 t/hm2时,玉米的理论产量为7.03 t/hm2,计算结果与田间试验处理5基本吻合。
A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of multi-functional soil modifying agents on physical and chemical properties of wind-blown soil and maize economic traits and benefits in Hexi Region, Gansu Province. The results showed that the factors influencing maize yield were as follows: cow dung (A)> furfural residue and super absorbent polymer (B)> special fertilizer> polyvinyl alcohol. The best combination of factors was: A1B1C2D3E3 ﹝ 7.82 t of cow dung (A), 6.00 t of furfural residue (B), 1.04 t of special fertilizer (C), 0.09 t of polyvinyl alcohol (D) and 0.05 t of water-retaining agent . The content of multi - functional soil modifying agent was positively correlated with porosity, aggregate structure, water storage capacity, organic matter, available NPK and soil electrical conductivity (EC) of aeolian sandy soil, but negatively correlated with soil bulk density and pH. With the increase of the application amount of multifunctional earth-modifying agent, the marginal output and marginal profit decreased while the amount of multi-functional earth improving agent increased by 3.75 t / hm2 based on 15.00 t / hm2. The regression statistical analysis showed that the theoretical yield of corn was 7.03 t / hm2 when the best application rate of multi-functional soil modifying agent was 15.00 t / hm2, and the calculated results were in good agreement with the field experiment.