论文部分内容阅读
无患子属(Sapindus L.)种质资源是无患子产业发展的基础,种质资源研究可为探讨无患子属的起源、进化、分类、资源保护与利用、良种选育、高效栽培等提供科学依据和基础。文中综述了国内外无患子属分类、分布及亲缘关系,种质资源的收集、保存与评价,种质资源多样性等方面的研究进展,得出如下结论:1)世界上无患子属树种共13种,我国分布4种1变种;2)我国多个研究团队收集、保存无患子属种质资源近1000份,以假种皮皂苷、种子脂肪酸利用为目标,筛选评价出性状优异的9个种源、7个家系和54株优树;3)无患子种质资源在表型、假种皮皂苷、种子脂肪酸、遗传等方面多样性丰富,并受环境因子极大的影响,根据遗传多样性分析推测我国无患子起源于自然分布区中部并向四周扩散。研究认为,目前研究仍存在种质资源收集不足、缺乏对该属树种系统研究和无优良品种推出等亟待解决的问题,提出应加强无患子属分子生物学基础研究、以居群为单位加强无患子属种质资源收集和评价力度、加强良种选育和高效培育技术以及国际合作研究等建议,以期为无患子产业可持续发展提供有力支撑,促进无患子属种质资源的开发利用。
Germplasm resources of Sapindus L. (Sapindus L.) are the basis for the development of Sapindus. The study of germplasm resources can be used to explore the origin, evolution, classification, conservation and utilization of seed, breeding of elite and cultivation Provide scientific basis and basis. In this paper, the research progress of the classification, distribution and relatedness of Sapindaceus at home and abroad, the collection, conservation and evaluation of germplasm resources, the diversity of germplasm resources and so on are summarized. The conclusions are as follows: 1) A total of 13 kinds of tree species, 4 species and 1 variety in China; 2) Several research teams in our country collected and stored nearly 1000 germplasm resources of Sapindus, with the objective of using pseudokotaxin and seed fatty acid utilization, 9 germplasm resources, 7 pedigrees and 54 excellent trees. 3) Sapindaceae germplasm resources are rich in phenotypic, pseudotypic saponin, seed fatty acid, genetic and other aspects, and are greatly influenced by environmental factors According to the analysis of genetic diversity, it is speculated that Sapindus nobile in our country originated from the central part of the natural distribution and spread to the periphery. According to the research, there are still some problems to be solved urgently, such as lack of collection of germplasm resources, lack of systematic research on the species and no introduction of excellent varieties, and so on. The basic research on molecular biology of Sapindaceum should be strengthened and strengthened by population units Sapindus is a collection and evaluation of germplasm resources, strengthening seed selection and breeding techniques and international cooperation and other recommendations, in order to provide a strong support for the sustainable development of Sapindustria industry to promote the development of Sapindus germplasm resources use.