In this paper, we propose and numerically investigate a novel circular lattice photonic crystal fiber (CL-PCF) using controllable GeO2 doped silica, suitable for modes carrying quantized orbital angular momentum (OAM). Large effective index sep
The influence of p-type GaN (pGaN) thickness on the light output power (LOP) and internal quantum efficiency (IQE) of light emitting diode (LED) was studied by experiments and simulations. The LOP of GaN-based LED increases as the thickness of pGaN layer
The emergent light distribution of a new type of contact laser scalpel is measured in three different states using a light sensor. The relationship between the angle and the light intensity is analyzed. The results show that the strongest light is emitted