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目的了解大化瑶族自治县狂犬病免疫门诊暴露人群状况,为今后狂犬病防治提供参考和依据。方法收集大化瑶族自治县2004-2013年狂犬病免疫门诊就诊暴露人群个案资料,进行统计分析。结果 2004-2013年间共处置暴露者7 672名,年平均暴露率为175.27/10万;男女比例为1.19∶1;暴露者分布于全县16个乡镇;暴露者中农民占45.32%;14岁以下少年及幼儿占42.58%;4~8月为高发期,占47.21%;暴露者中被犬咬伤占68.52%。狂犬病疫苗接种率为99.96%。狂犬病发病和死亡共30人。结论 2004-2013年间大化瑶族自治县狂犬病暴露人数较多,暴露率较高,发病和死亡人数较多。应大力加强狂犬病预防知识宣传,加强家犬管理,规范暴露人群伤口处置、狂犬疫苗和免疫球蛋白接种。
Objective To understand the population exposure of rabies immunization clinic in Dahua Yao Autonomous County and to provide reference and basis for the future prevention and treatment of rabies. Methods The data of the population exposed to rabies immunization clinic in Dahua Yao Autonomous County from 2004 to 2013 were collected and statistically analyzed. Results A total of 7 672 exposed workers were enrolled between 2004 and 2013, with an average annual exposure rate of 175.27 / 100 000; the male / female ratio was 1.19: 1; the exposed persons were distributed in 16 townships of the county; 45.32% of the farmers were exposed; The following juveniles and young children accounted for 42.58%; 4 to August is the high incidence of period, accounting for 47.21%; was dog bites accounted for 68.52%. Rabies vaccination rate was 99.96%. Rabies incidence and death of a total of 30 people. Conclusion The population of rabies in Dahua Yao Autonomous County was more exposed during 2004-2013, with a higher exposure rate and a higher incidence and death toll. Should be vigorously to strengthen the awareness of rabies prevention knowledge, strengthen dog management, regulate the exposure of the crowd wound treatment, rabies vaccine and immunoglobulin inoculation.