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以延河流域为例,利用典范对应分析方法对坡面、小流域、区域3个尺度的土壤水分与环境因素关系进行研究。结果表明:坡位、土地利用类型是坡面尺度影响土壤水分变化的主控因素;坡度、土地利用类型是小流域尺度影响土壤水分变化的主控因素;蒸散、降水、土地利用类型是区域尺度影响土壤水分变化的主控因素。可见,随着研究尺度的增加,坡向、坡位、坡度等地形承担的信息量逐渐流向蒸散、降水等气象因子,土地利用类型承载的信息量基本未变。结果对土壤水分与水文模型及其尺度外推有重要的意义。
Taking Yanhe River Basin as an example, the relationship between soil moisture and environmental factors at three scales of slope, small watershed and region was studied by the model correspondence analysis method. The results showed that: slope position and land use type were the main controlling factors that affected the soil moisture change. Slope and land use types were the main controlling factors that affected the soil moisture change in small watershed. The types of evapotranspiration, precipitation and land use were regional scale Main factors affecting soil moisture change. It can be seen that with the increase of the research scale, the amount of information carried by the terrain such as aspect, slope position and gradient gradually flows to the meteorological factors such as evapotranspiration and precipitation, and the amount of information carried by the land-use type basically remains unchanged. The results have important implications for soil moisture and hydrological models and their scale extrapolation.