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目的了解北京市2013年-2014年流行的麻疹病毒基因型特征和变异趋势,为开展麻疹分子生物学监测提供科学依据。方法采用实时多重荧光RT-PCR方法进行麻疹病毒核酸鉴定,鉴定阳性标本采用RT-PCR方法扩增麻疹病毒N基因C末端450个核苷酸片段,对扩增产物进行核苷酸序列测定。分析基因型流行特征,并同WHO麻疹病毒基因型代表株、我国H1基因型代表株、疫苗株构建基因进化树进行核苷酸、氨基酸的同源性分析。结果 1 347株麻疹病毒基因型分别为1 303株H1a基因型,37株为D8基因型,5株为A基因型,1株D9基因型,1株B3基因型。H1a基因型麻疹病毒在全市16个县区均有流行。1 303株H1a基因型核苷酸同源性为99.7%~100.0%,氨基酸同源性为97.3%~100.0%。结论 2013年-2014年北京流行的麻疹病毒主要为H1基因型,以H1a为优势亚型,发现3种新的基因型输入。
Objective To understand the characteristics and variation trend of measles virus genotypes in Beijing from 2013 to 2014 and provide a scientific basis for monitoring molecular biology of measles. Methods The real-time multiplex fluorescence RT-PCR method was used to identify the measles virus nucleic acid. The positive samples were identified by RT-PCR to amplify 450 nucleotides of the C gene of measles virus N gene. The amplified products were sequenced. The genotypes of the genotypes were analyzed. Nucleotide and amino acid homology analysis was also done with the WHO measles virus genotype representative strain, the Chinese H1 genotype representative strain and the vaccine strain phylogenetic tree. Results The genotypes of 1 347 strains of measles virus were 1 303 strains of H1a, 37 strains of D8, 5 strains of A, 1 D9 and 1 of B3. H1a genotype measles virus in the city’s 16 counties are popular. The homology of 1 303 strains of H1a genotypes was 99.7% -100.0%, and the amino acid homology was 97.3% -100.0%. Conclusions From 2013 to 2014, the most common measles virus in Beijing was H1 genotype. H1a was the dominant subtype and three new genotypes were found.