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微RNA-375(microRNA-375,miR-375)是最早在胰腺组织中发现的微RNA,参与胰岛的形成和发展,具有调节胰岛素分泌的功能.新近研究发现,miR-375在多种肿瘤组织(包括呼吸系统、消化系统、泌尿生殖系统、皮肤和妇科肿瘤组织)中和食管鳞状细胞癌、肝癌和胰腺癌患者外周血中明显表达异常.miR-375可通过调控多个靶基因(如:3-磷酸肌醇依赖性蛋白激酶1、14-3-3ζ、Janus激酶2、p53、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶、Wnt、血管内皮生长因子、胰岛素样生长因子-1受体、星形胶质细胞升高基因-1/异黏蛋白、地塞米松诱导的Ras相关蛋白1和特异蛋白1等相关基因),参与肿瘤的发生和发展过程.提高细胞内miR-375的水平能够抑制肿瘤细胞(如:头颈鳞癌、胃癌、食管鳞癌、黑色素瘤和乳腺癌等肿瘤细胞)的增殖和迁移.因此,具有抑癌活性的miR-375是一种有临床价值的新型肿瘤分子标志物和肿瘤靶向治疗的新靶点.
MicroRNA-375 (microRNA-375, miR-375), the earliest microRNA found in pancreatic tissues, is involved in the formation and development of islets and regulates insulin secretion.Recent studies have found that miR-375 is expressed in various tumor tissues (Including the respiratory system, digestive system, genitourinary system, skin and gynecologic oncology tissue) and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, liver cancer and pancreatic cancer patients.miR-375 can regulate many target genes : 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1, 14-3-3 zeta, Janus kinase 2, p53, mitogen activated protein kinase, Wnt, vascular endothelial growth factor, insulin-like growth factor- 1 receptor, The level of miR-375 in the cells can be increased by inhibiting the growth of tumor cells (Such as: head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, gastric cancer, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma and breast cancer and other tumor cells) proliferation and migration.Therefore, with tumor suppressor activity of miR-375 is a new type of clinical tumor molecular markers and Tumor targeted therapy Targets.