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北冰洋位于地球最北端,大致以北极为中心,介于亚洲、欧洲和北美洲之间,东经白令海峡与太平洋相通,西以威维亚、汤姆孙海岭与大西洋分界,面积1,310万平方公里,是世界四大洋中最小的一个。北冰洋平均深度约1,200米,最深点达5,449米。表层水温大都在1——-1.7℃,冬季平均气温为-20。——-40℃,夏季多在8℃以下,有常年不化的冰盖;盐度分布不均,有的洋区含盐量高达35‰,有的洋区还不到25‰。北冰洋遍布繁茂的硅藻和浮游
Arctic Ocean is located at the northernmost point of the earth, roughly centered on the North Pole, between Asia, Europe and North America. The Bering Strait connects with the Pacific Ocean in the east, with the West Virginia, Thomson Ridge and the Atlantic Ocean dividing an area of 13.1 million square kilometers. Is the smallest of the four seas in the world. The average depth of the Arctic Ocean is about 1,200 meters and the deepest point is 5,449 meters. Surface water temperature mostly in the 1 --- 1.7 ℃, the average winter temperature of -20. --- 40 ℃, mostly in summer less than 8 ℃, there are perennial ice sheet; salinity uneven distribution, some Yang salt content up to 35 ‰, and some ocean area less than 25 ‰. The Arctic Ocean is full of lush diatoms and plankton