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目的识别与分析山东省3家金矿开采企业可能产生的职业病危害因素及其危害程度,为金矿开采企业职业病危害因素的识别及控制提供对策与依据。方法采用现场调研、现场检测、综合分析等方法对3家企业进行职业病危害因素分析。结果 3家金矿开采企业存在的主要职业病危害因素有矽尘、一氧化碳、二氧化氮、噪声和手传振动等。对其进行的现场检测结果表明,12个粉尘检测点的合格率41.7%;测量了12个8 h等效声级噪声,合格率为75.0%;12个一氧化碳检测点的合格率为100.0%;12个二氧化氮检测点的合格率为100.0%;对3个凿岩工手传振动进行了测量,全部超标。结论金矿开采企业针对职业病危害因素采取了整体自然通风与机械通风相结合的方法,达到了一定的防护效果。针对现场调查及检测中易产生危害的岗位,建议企业采取有效的防护措施及加强对员工的个体防护,预防与控制职业病的发生。
Objective To identify and analyze the possible occupational hazards and their harmfulness that may arise in three gold mining enterprises in Shandong Province and to provide countermeasures and basis for the identification and control of occupational hazards in gold mining enterprises. Methods The field research, on-site testing, comprehensive analysis and other methods were used to analyze the occupational hazards of the three enterprises. Results The main occupational hazards in the three gold mining enterprises are silica dust, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, noise and hand vibration. The field test results showed that the pass rate of 12 dust detection points was 41.7%; 12 8 h equivalent sound level noise was measured with a pass rate of 75.0%; the pass rate of 12 carbon monoxide detection points was 100.0% The pass rate of 12 NO 2 detection points was 100.0%. The vibration of hand-pass vibration of 3 rock drillers was measured and exceeded all of them. Conclusion The gold mining enterprises adopted the method of combining the whole natural ventilation with mechanical ventilation according to the hazard factors of occupational diseases, and reached a certain protective effect. For site investigation and testing easy to produce hazardous jobs, it is recommended that enterprises take effective protective measures and strengthen the individual protection of employees, prevention and control of occupational diseases.