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目的 观察姬鼠型高发疫区大面积人群接种肾综合征出血热 (HFRS)Ⅰ型灭活疫苗后的安全性、免疫原性和流行病学防病效果。方法 采用间接免疫荧光法 (IFAT)检测特异性IgG抗体 ,用微量细胞病变中和试验 (MCPENT)检测中和抗体滴度。结果 共接种 10 460人 ,全程接种者占 97.3 0 % ,对照 1615 9人。全程接种后 2周荧光抗体阳转率为10 0 % ( 67/67) ,中和抗体阳转率为 44 .44 % ,几何平均滴度分别为 72 .14和 4.63。加强免疫后血清抗体迅速回升 ,1年后又逐渐下降。预防接种后全身反应和局部反应轻微。接种组无发病 ,对照组发病 2 6例 ,死亡 3例。疫苗流行病学防病效果良好 ,人群保护率达 10 0 % ( 95 %CI :96.3 0 %～ 10 0 % )。结论 HFRS疫苗安全性良好 ,流行病学防病效果明显 ,取得了良好的经济效益和社会效益。
Objective To observe the safety, immunogenicity and epidemiology of epidemic prevention of HFRS type Ⅰ inactivated vaccine in a large area of Apodemus agie of high incidence area. Methods The specific IgG antibody was detected by indirect immunofluorescence (IFAT) and the titer of neutralizing antibody was detected by MCPENT. Results A total of 10 460 people were vaccinated, 97.3% of whom were vaccinated and 1615 were controls. Two weeks after inoculation, the rate of positive immunofluorescence was 100% (67/67). The neutralization antibody positive rate was 44.44%. The geometric mean titers were 72.14 and 4.63 respectively. Serum antibodies rose rapidly after immunization and gradually decreased after one year. After vaccination systemic reactions and local reactions slightly. Inoculation group had no morbidity, 26 cases in control group and 3 died. The epidemiology of vaccine has a good disease prevention effect, and the population protection rate is 100% (95% CI: 96.3% ~ 100%). Conclusion The safety of HFRS vaccine is good, epidemiological prevention is obvious, and good economic and social benefits have been achieved.