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临床资料 1 发病性别与年龄:23例中男19例,女4例;年龄10～60岁,20～40岁者最多15例,占65.2％。2 诊断依据:①突发性胸痛伴呼吸困难;②内出血的表现或失血性休克;③液气胸体征和X线征象;④于发病当日或次日从胸腔抽出不凝固血液。3 病情及治疗方法:16例患者有明显的诱因,如骑自行车,干重活及长跑等,7例无明显诱因。前者多属于急重型,后者多属于缓轻型。急重型指发病急,数分钟之内出现气憋、头晕、心慌、烦躁不安,呈进行性加重。缓轻型指逐渐出现胸痛、胸闷、气短,无明显头晕、心慌、冷汗等周围循环功能不全之症状。本文急重型17例,行胸腔闭或引流者5例,行开胸手术者12例;缓轻型6例,均行胸腔闭式引流。
Clinical data 1 incidence of gender and age: 23 cases of 23 males and 4 females; aged 10 to 60 years, 20 to 40 years of age up to 15 cases, accounting for 65.2%. 2 diagnosis is based on: ① sudden chest pain with breathing difficulties; ② the performance of hemorrhage or hemorrhagic shock; ③ pneumothorax signs and X-ray signs; ④ on the day of onset or the next day from the chest cavity is not coagulated blood. 3 Disease and treatment: 16 patients had obvious incentives, such as cycling, dry weight and long-distance running, etc., 7 cases no obvious incentive. The former are mostly acute type, the latter are mostly mild type. Severe acute refers to the acute onset, a few minutes appear gas hold back, dizziness, palpitation, irritability, was progressive increase. Slow refers to the gradual onset of chest pain, chest tightness, shortness of breath, no obvious dizziness, palpitation, cold sweat and other peripheral circulatory insufficiency symptoms. In this paper, 17 cases were classified as severe type, including 5 cases underwent thoracic closure or drainage, 12 underwent thoracotomy and 6 cases underwent thoracic drainage.