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一、引言果树生产的迅速发展,特别是高密度果园的出现,需要大量的优质苗木,无论是新杂交育成的优良品种或由国外引进的品种,都需要快速进行繁殖。然而传统的压条和嫁接繁殖法,既费工又费时,而且受自然条件的影响很大。为寻求高速度繁殖苗木的办法,国内外广泛开展了这方面的研究。1977年英国东茂林试验站使一个芽一年内获得了一百万株树苗。琼斯用一个梢尖在8个月内培养出60,000株小苗。艾波特和Whief从1972～1976年使桔苹苹果(Coxs Orange pippin)茎尖分化获得试管小苗。此利时Ph.Boxus等人1974年培养出M_(26)试管小苗,并移至苗床中,1976～1977年经露地压条观察,与常规压条的对照苗生长特性完全
I. INTRODUCTION The rapid development of fruit tree production, especially the emergence of high-density orchards, requires a large number of high-quality seedlings. Whether it is an excellent variety bred by new hybrids or introduced by foreign countries, rapid propagation is required. However, the traditional compression and grafting methods are both labor-intensive and time-consuming, and are greatly affected by the natural conditions. In order to seek ways of breeding seedlings at high speed, this research has been carried out extensively at home and abroad. In 1977, the East Maolin Experimental Station in Britain got a shoot of one million seedlings in a year. Jones cultivated 60,000 seedlings in just eight months with one tip. From 1972 to 1976, Abbott and Whief differentiated the shoot apices of Coxs Orange pippin to give in vitro seedlings. The Lee Ph.Boxus et al 1974 cultivated M_ (26) test tube seedlings, and moved to the seedbed, from 1976 to 1977 exposed to the pressure of the observed, with the conventional control of the growth of the physical properties of a complete