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目的了解兰州市企业职业卫生防治管理现状,以更好地保护劳动者健康。方法随机抽取兰州市企业276家,采用调查表法调查。结果 276家企业以小型企业为主,占90.2%;开展建设项目职业病危害预评价、控制效果评价的企业分别占20.3%、17.0%;有各项劳动过程中的防护与管理措施的企业占28.3%～83.7%,其中,有职业卫生机构、职业卫生教育和培训计划、操作规程含职业卫生内容、应急救援预案、职业健康检查制度、职业危害因素监测制度的企业均不到50%;大、中、小型企业中,有各项劳动过程中的防护与管理措施的企业分别占83.3%～100.0%、47.6%～100.0%、24.9%～81.9%;不同规模企业比较,有各项管理措施的企业比例由高到低均依次为大型企业、中型企业、小型企业(P<0.01)。结论兰州市企业职业卫生防治管理现状不容乐观,小型企业存在问题最为严重。
Objective To understand the status quo of occupational health control in enterprises in Lanzhou to better protect the health of laborers. Methods A total of 276 enterprises in Lanzhou were randomly selected and investigated by questionnaire. Results 276 enterprises were mainly small enterprises, accounting for 90.2%. Enterprises carrying out pre-evaluation of occupational hazards and control evaluation of construction projects accounted for 20.3% and 17.0% respectively, and enterprises with protection and management measures in various labor processes accounted for 28.3% % ~ 83.7%. Among them, less than 50% of the enterprises have occupational health institutions, occupational health education and training programs, operating procedures including occupational health contents, emergency rescue plans, occupational health examination systems and occupational hazard factors monitoring systems; Among small and medium-sized enterprises, there are 83.3% ~ 100.0%, 47.6% ~ 100.0% and 24.9% ~ 81.9% of the enterprises in various labor protection and management measures respectively; in comparison with enterprises of different scales, there are various management measures The proportion of enterprises from high to low followed by large enterprises, medium-sized enterprises, small businesses (P <0.01). Conclusion The present situation of occupational health control in enterprises in Lanzhou City is not optimistic. The problems in small enterprises are the most serious.