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本文通过室温拉伸、弯曲、硬度试验以及金相分析等对10mm板厚6005A铝合金MIG焊,用高纯氩气焊前预热工艺和用混合气体焊前不预热两种工艺行为的静态力学性能与显微组织进行了对比性研究。结果表明:在操作环境温度限定在5~30℃,环境相对湿度不高于65%的条件下,6005A铝合金MIG焊焊前可以不预热进行焊接。静态力学性能试验结果显示,预热与不预热两种工艺接头抗拉强度分别为母材的72.5%和75.7%;两种工艺接头的室温弯曲试验均合格,正弯背弯均达到180°;两种接头均有软化区,硬度曲线基本一致;两种工艺接头均为典型的铸态组织,但采用混合气体焊前不预热工艺接头组织Mg2Si相多于用高纯氩气焊前预热工艺接头。
In this paper, the static mechanical properties of 10mm thick 6005A aluminum alloy MIG welding, pre-heating with high-purity argon gas welding and two processes without pre-welding with mixed gas were investigated by room temperature tensile test, bending test, hardness test and metallographic analysis. Performance and microstructure were compared. The results show that 6005A aluminum alloy MIG can be welded without preheating before the operating temperature is limited to 5 ~ 30 ℃ and the relative humidity is not higher than 65%. The results of static mechanical tests show that the tensile strengths of the preheated and non-preheated joints are 72.5% and 75.7% of that of the base metal, respectively. The bending tests at room temperature of the two kinds of joints are qualified and the average bending radius is 180 ° ; Both joints have softening zone, the hardness curve is basically the same; two kinds of process joints are typical as-cast microstructure, but the use of mixed gas without preheating process joints Mg2Si phase than before welding with high purity argon gas preheating Process fittings.