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①当代的科学大问题,在宇宙学里有两个:一个是类星体,一个是暗物质;粒子物质学里有两个:一个是对称破缺,一个是不可见夸克。若能了解这些问题,将对21世纪的科学发展产生重大作用。②我先来解释宇宙学里的大问题。类星体是什么?新星的亮度忽然一下子超过太阳1至10万倍,超新星又比新星亮1至10万倍,寿命从几天到1至2年。类星体更厉害,其亮度是1000个银河系的
1 There are two major scientific problems in contemporary science. There are two in cosmology: one is a quasar and one is a dark matter; there are two in the physics of particle physics: one is symmetry breaking, the other is invisible quark. If we can understand these issues, it will have a major effect on the scientific development of the 21st century. 2 Let me first explain the major problems in cosmology. What is a quasar? The brightness of a new star suddenly suddenly exceeds that of the sun by 1 to 100,000 times. Supernovae are 1-10 times more luminous than new stars. Their life span ranges from days to 1 to 2 years. Quasars are more powerful and their brightness is 1,000 galaxies.