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以延庆上辛庄开发建设项目坡面试验小区为研究对象,采用样方调查法,对36个小区的植被群落特征进行了调查,探讨了各个小区植被群落的物种组成变化,并运用物种丰富度指数、多样性指数和均匀度指数对各个小区的物种多样性进行了比较分析。研究发现:①对于土质边坡,植草+截水沟、等高绿篱埂等8种护坡方式比较适宜,植物成活成长良好;对于石质边坡,砖砌挡墙+生态袋等4种护坡方式适应性较好;②选用单一植物进行护坡,小区物种多样性变化出现两种趋势,一种是原有物种仍居优势地位,一种是原有物种逐渐退化,被侵入物种取代;③在对照小区中,自然恢复形成的植物群落多样性较好,向着丰富、均匀、稳定的群落发展。
Taking Yanqing Shangxinzhuang development and construction project slope test plot as the research object, the vegetation characteristics of 36 plots were investigated by using the quadrat investigation method, and the species composition changes of vegetation communities in each plot were discussed. Species richness Index, diversity index and evenness index were used to analyze the species diversity of each plot. The results showed that: (1) For the soil slope, eight kinds of slope protection methods such as grass planting + cutoff ditch and contour hedgerow are more appropriate and the plant survival and growth are good; for the four kinds of slope protection methods such as stone slope, brick retaining wall and ecological bag Adaptability is better; (2) Single plant is used for slope protection, there are two trends in the change of community species diversity, one is that the original species still occupy the dominant position, one is the original species gradually degenerated and replaced by invasive species; In the community, the diversity of plant communities formed by natural restoration is good, and it develops towards a rich, uniform and stable community.