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利用非合作机会照射源(也称外辐射源)实现对“寂静”目标的定位跟踪具有广阔的应用前景,它是一类重要的无源定位体制.本文基于外辐射源定位系统中的“空—时—频”域观测量,在观测站位置和速度存在扰动误差的情况下,建立了一类基于外辐射源的约束总体最小二乘定位理论与方法.首先,根据“空—时—频”域观测量总结归纳出4种联合定位体制,并在每种联合定位体制下提出将非线性观测方程转化为“伪线性”方程的代数处理方法,基于此给出统一的约束总体最小二乘定位优化模型,并设计出相应的Newton迭代算法.随后,对约束总体最小二乘算法的定位性能进行定量分析,给出一种推导其理论性能的统一框架,并严格证明在一阶误差分析条件下,其定位性能可渐近达到克拉美罗界(Cram’er-Rao lower bound).最后,文中通过若干仿真实验验证新算法的优越性和理论分析的有效性.
It is a kind of important passive localization system that using the non-cooperative opportunity illumination source (also called external radiation source) to realize the localization and tracking of “silence ” target.In this paper, “Space-time-frequency ” domain observation, a kind of constrained global least squares positioning theory and method based on external radiation source is established under the condition of the perturbation error of the observatory’s position and velocity.Firstly, Space-time-frequency “domain observations, four kinds of joint localization systems are summarized, and the algebraic processing method of converting the nonlinear observation equations into the” pseudo-linear "equations is proposed under each joint localization system. Based on this, A unified constrained global least squares positioning optimization model is designed and a corresponding Newton iterative algorithm is designed.Afterwards, the localization performance of the constrained global least squares algorithm is quantitatively analyzed and a unified framework for deriving its theoretical performance is given. Strict proof of the first-order error analysis conditions, the positioning performance can be asymptotically reach the Cram’er-Rao lower bound.Finally, the paper through a number of simulation experiments to verify the superiority of the new algorithm and the theoretical analysis of Sex.