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最近由斯捷潘诺夫(Б.М.Степанов)等研究的测量γ量子束的多道电子倍增管,是一种有实用价值的探测器。本文详细地介绍、评论和分析了这种探测器的性能和应用问题。在本文的前半部分中,对有关这种多道电子倍增管的实验资料进行了综述,分别介绍了它的原理、结构、特性和实际用法;在本文的后半部分中,对研究和使用提出了一些看法,指出需要进一步研究的若干特性。着重分析了散粒效应对输出电流涨落的影响,给出了在一定的讯号和涨落比值下,最少必需的入射γ量子通量的公式。还讨论了如何分析实验测得的脉冲形状。
A multi-channel electron multiplier for the measurement of γ quantum beams, recently researched by Stepanov (Б.М.Степанов), is a practical detector. This article describes in detail, reviews and analyzes the performance and application of such detectors. In the first half of this paper, the experimental data on this multi-electron electron multiplier tube are reviewed, and its principle, structure, characteristics and practical usage are introduced respectively. In the second half of this paper, the research and application are put forward Some observations point to several features that require further study. The influence of particle effect on the fluctuation of output current is emphatically analyzed, and the formula of the least necessary incident γ-quantum flux at a given signal-to-fluctuation ratio is given. It also discusses how to analyze the experimentally measured pulse shape.