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民初我国官营铁路与民营铁路的命运截然相反,即官营铁路发展效益良好,而民营铁路则弊窦丛生,腐败、内争不休等问题接连不断,仅能维持惨淡经营的局面。此中因由,与交通部倡官营而抑民营的铁路政策有极大之关系。交通部一直将官营与民营铁路看成你死我活的竞争对手,为了给国有铁路赢得最大的生存空间,始终打压民营铁路。其实,就铁路事业而言,官营与民营都只是实现有效管理的一种手段,二者各有其长,如果能实现两者的有机结合,将对双方都有好处。官营与民营并行互补,才是当时交通部最为明智的选择,惟有此才能实现政府与民众的双赢,使中国铁路走向真正的独立与繁荣。对此,学界的认识由过去的一味否定变而为较为充分的肯定,仍然未能跳出二元对应模式的巢臼,乃学术的不成熟所致。
At the beginning of the Republic of China, the fate of official railways and private railroads in China was diametrically opposite, that is, the development of government-owned railways was very effective. However, the problems of private railroads such as corruption, corruption and endless conflicts continued one after another, and only the bleak business conditions were maintained. The reason for this is that there is a great relationship between the railway policy advocated by the Ministry of Communications and the private sector. The Ministry of Transportation has always regarded government-run and private railroads as competitors for your life and death. In order to win the maximum living space for the state-owned railway, it has always suppressed private railways. In fact, in terms of railway undertakings, both the official battalion and the private battalion are only one means of achieving effective management. Both of them have their own advantages and will be beneficial to both parties if they can be organically integrated. Only when the government camp and the private sector complement each other in parallel is the most wise choice made by the Ministry of Communications at that time. Only in this way can a win-win situation be achieved between the government and the public so that the Chinese railway can truly become independent and prosperous. In this regard, the academic understanding from the past blindly changed for a more fully affirmed, still can not jump out of the nest of binary correspondence model, but due to academic immaturity.