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针对覆膜穴播冬小麦效益上不去的现状 ,改覆膜穴播为膜侧条播 ,并对 3种栽培方式的效应进行了系统研究。结果表明 ,冬小麦膜侧条播栽培能增加温度 ,促进植株生长发育 ,集水保水 ,变无效降水为有效降水 ,大幅度提高水分生产效率 ,表现出超常的越冬保苗效果 ,幼穗分化及有效生育期明显延长。田间成穗数、穗粒数和千粒重分别比露地条播小麦提高 14.2 %、16 .8%和 3.8% ,产量提高 34.5%。而且生产成本有所降低 ,纯收入增加 10 72 .2 3元 /hm2 ,增加 35.7% ,劳动生产率和物质费用收益率分别提高 32 .3%和 2 4 .9%。
Aiming at the current situation that the hole-sowing winter wheat has no benefit, the film-sowing was used as the film-boring sowing and the effects of the three cultivation methods were systematically studied. The results showed that the winter sowing film-side sowing could increase the temperature, promote plant growth and development, water harvesting, variable precipitation is effective precipitation, greatly improve water production efficiency, showing extraordinary overwintering seedling protection, panicle differentiation and effective growth period Significantly longer. The number of spikelets, grains per spike and 1000-grain weight increased by 14.2%, 16.8% and 3.8%, respectively, and the yield increased by 34.5% compared with open-field wheat. Moreover, the production cost has been reduced. Net income increased by 10.72.23 yuan / hm2, up by 35.7%. The labor productivity and material cost rate of return increased by 32.3% and 24.9% respectively.