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目的了解2008─2015年新疆沙湾县手足口病的流行特征,为做好防控工作提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法分析2008─2015年沙湾县手足口病疫情资料。结果 2008─2015年沙湾县共报告手足口病1 478例,年平均发病率60.71/10万;临床诊断病例1 282例、占发病总数的86.74%,实验室诊断病例196例、占发病总数的13.26%;重症5例,无死亡病例;散居儿童(762例)和托幼儿童(579例)为主要发病人群,分别占51.56%和39.17%;男性895例、女性583例,男、女性别比为1.54∶1,差异有统计学意义(χ2=18.748,P<0.05);全县均有病例报告,各地发病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=228.12,P<0.05);发病有明显的季节性,集中在5─10月、占病例总数的88.84%;病原构成主要为Cox A16和EV71,分别占55.10%和33.67%。结论沙湾县手足口病发病具有明显的年龄、性别、地区和季节性差异,应加强对散居儿童和托幼机构手足口病疫情的监测力度,加大手足口病防治知识的宣传和普及工作,做到早发现、早报告、早诊断和早治疗,避免该病的扩散。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Shawan County, Xinjiang from 2008 to 2015 and to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the data of HFMD in Shawan County from 2008 to 2015. Results A total of 1 478 hand-foot-mouth disease cases were reported in Shawan County from 2008 to 2015, with an average annual incidence of 60.71 / 100 000; 1 282 cases were diagnosed clinically, accounting for 86.74% of the total cases and 196 cases were laboratory diagnoses, accounting for the total number of cases , 13.26% in severe cases, 5 severe cases without death, scattered children (762 cases) and nursery children (579 cases), accounting for 51.56% and 39.17% respectively. There were 895 males and 583 females (Χ2 = 18.748, P <0.05). All cases were reported in the county with significant difference in incidence (χ2 = 228.12, P <0.05). The incidence was significant The seasonal distribution was concentrated in May-October, accounting for 88.84% of the total cases. The pathogen mainly consisted of Cox A16 and EV71, accounting for 55.10% and 33.67% respectively. Conclusion The incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease in Shawan County has significant differences in age, sex, region and seasonality. Monitoring of hand-foot-mouth disease in diaspora and nursery schools should be strengthened, and publicity and popularization of hand-foot-mouth disease prevention and control should be strengthened , So early detection, early report, early diagnosis and early treatment, to avoid the spread of the disease.