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随着核能、石油及化学工业的迅速发展,压力容器日益大型化,压力容器的参数也越来越高,使用条件也越来越苛刻。这样,对压力容器的安全可靠性的要求日益提高。压力容器事故会带来灾难性的后果,造成生命财产的重大损失。如在历史上曾因Sultana号蒸汽船锅炉突然发生爆炸事件,致使1547人死亡。另外,压力容器即使是较小的故障,如像泄漏或局部变形,尽管这不会导致压力容器产生灾难性事故,但这时要求工厂停车检查或修理,这种停机的直接损失或间接损失有时也是很大的。因此,由于经济性的原因,也要求提高压力容器的可靠性。近来,对压力容器提出了很
With the rapid development of nuclear energy, petroleum and chemical industry, pressure vessels are increasingly large-scale, pressure vessel parameters are also getting higher and higher, the conditions of use are more and more harsh. In this way, the pressure vessel safety and reliability requirements are increasing. Pressure vessel accidents can have catastrophic consequences, resulting in significant loss of life and property. In the past, 1,547 people were killed as a result of the sudden explosion of the Sultana steamboat boiler. In addition, even small pressure vessels, such as leaks or local deformations, which do not result in a catastrophic failure of the pressure vessel, require plant shutdowns or repairs, either directly or indirectly It is also great. Therefore, due to economic reasons, also called for improving the reliability of pressure vessels. Recently, the pressure vessel made a very