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老年人药品不良反应(adverse drug reactions,ADR)监测及预防是老年医学临床实践的重要内容。由于罹患多种疾病、多重用药以及药动学和药效学的改变等因素的影响,老年人更易发生ADR。老年人ADR表现的不典型性加大了其识别的难度,GerontoNet ADR风险指数是一个用于识别ADR高风险老年患者的一种实用又简便的评估方法,进而加强对ADR高风险老年患者的监护可以减少其ADR的发生。加强老年临床药理学知识的宣教可提高医生和患者对ADR的认知程度,另外,医院可采取多种措施预防ADR的发生。对于病情复杂的老年患者,通过老年综合评估进行个体化评估来简化患者用药和患者用药需求的优先度,促进患者合理用药。
Adverse drug reactions (ADR) monitoring and prevention in the elderly is an important part of clinical practice in geriatrics. ADR is more likely to occur in the elderly due to the effects of multiple illnesses, multiple medications, changes in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. The atypical nature of ADR in the elderly increases the difficulty of their identification, and the GerontoNet ADR Risk Index is a practical and easy-to-use assessment method for identifying elderly patients at high risk of ADR, thereby strengthening the monitoring of elderly patients at high risk for ADR Can reduce the occurrence of ADR. Advocacy for strengthening the knowledge of clinical pharmacology in the elderly can improve the cognition of ADR among doctors and patients. In addition, the hospital can take various measures to prevent the occurrence of ADR. For elderly patients with complex disease, individualized assessment through comprehensive assessment of the elderly to simplify the priority of patient medication and patient medication needs, and promote the rational use of drugs in patients.